He is able to solve this problem. (彼はこの問題を解決できる)にあるように< be able to 不定詞>は
ability の形容詞形を中心とした表現である。この名詞形が ability であり、うしろに to不定詞がつくことができる点も同じである。主語であった
He は所有格にして表すこともできるし、of でつなぐこともできる。→ his ability to solve this problem /
the ability of him to solve this problem
absence
反対語は presence 「出席・欠席」「存在・不在」の対となる。それぞれ形容詞形は absent / present というが、こちらの方が使い勝手がよい。He
has been absent for 10 years. と言うのを his absence of 10 years というと何か公文書にあるような雰囲気だ。
確かに最初のイメージとしては「会計」「計算」などが思い浮かぶが、実際には「話、物語、説明」といった使い方が多いのである。He gave an
account of what had happened. (起こったことを話して聞かせた)。take account of (考慮に入れる)という熟語もこの意味から派生したものと思われる。また経済での世界では bank account (銀行口座)が最もなじみ深いものだろう。
名詞 achievement acid act action activity actress addition address admiration
adult advantage adventure adverb advertisement advice affair afternoon
age ago agreement aim air aircraft airport alcohol alphabet amount amusement
anger angle animal answer anxiety apartment appearance apple approval area
argument arm army arrangement arrival art article association atom attack
attempt attention attitude attract authority autumn average back background
bag balance ball band bank bar base basket bath battle beach beak beam
bean bear beat beauty bed beer beginning behavior belief bell belt bend
bicycle bill bird birth bit bite blade blame block blood blow blue board
boat body boil bone book boot border bottle bowl box boy brain branch bread
break breakfast breast breath breed brick bridge brother brown brush building
bullet bus bush butter button cake camera camp can cap capital car card
care carriage case castle cat cattle cause ceiling cell center century
ceremony chain chair chance change character charge check cheese
chemical chemistry cheque chest chicken chief child children chin chocolate
choice church cigarette cinema circle citizen city class clay cliff clock
cloth clothes clothing cloud club coal coast coat coffee coin cold
collar college color comb combination comfort command committee communication
company comparison competition competitor complaint compound computer
concert condition confidence connection container contract control conversation
cook copy corn corner cost cotton cough council country countryside courage
course court cover cow crack crash cream creature crime criminal criticism
crop cross crowd cry cup cupboard cure curl current curtain
curve custom customer cut damage dance date daughter day deal death debt
decay decision decoration decrease defeat defense degree delay demand
department depth description desert design desire desk destruction detail
determination dictionary difference difficulty dinner direction dirt discovery
discussion disease dish distance doctor document dog dollar door doubt
drawer dream dress drink drive drop drug drum duck dust duty ear
earth east edge education effect effort egg eight elbow election electricity
emotion employer employment end enemy energy engine engineer enjoyment
enough entertainment entrance envelop environment equal equipment escape evening
event evil examination example excuse exercise existence experience explanation
explosion expression eye face fact factory failure faith fall family farm
farmer fashion fat father fault fear feather feature feeling(s) female
fence fever few field fifth fight figure film finger fire fish flag flame
flash flesh flight flood floor flour flow flower fly fold food foot football
force foreigner forest fork form former forth frame freedom friend front
fruit fun funeral fur furniture future game garage garden gas gate gentleman
gift girl glass glue goat god gold good goodbye goods government grain
gram grammar grandfather grandmother grandparent grass grave gray green
greeting ground group growth guest guide gun habit hair half hall hammer
hand handle harm hat hatred head health heart heat heaven hell height help
hill history hit hold holiday home honor hook hope horn horse hospital
hotel hour house human humor hundred(th) hurry husband ice idea illness
image imagination importance improvement income increase industry infection
information injury ink insect institution instruction instrument insurance
intelligence intention interest introduction invitation iron island jaw
jewel jewelry job joint joke journey judge judgement juice jump justice
key kick kilo kilogram kilometer kind king kiss kitchen knee knife knot
knowledge lack lady lake lamb lamp land language laughter law lawyer layer
leaf left leg length lesson letter level library lid lie life light limit
line lion lip liquid list literature liter little load lock look lord loss
lot love low loyalty luck lung machine machinery magazine magic mail male
man manager manner many map march mark market marriage mass match material
mathematics matter meal meaning means measure measurement meat medicine
meeting member memory message metal method meter middle mile milk million(th)
mind mine mineral minister minute mirror mist mixture model moment money
monkey month noon moral more morning most mother motor mountain mouse mouth
movement much mud murder muscle music musician mystery nail name nation
nature navy neck need needle nerve net network news newspaper night ninth
noise nonsense north nose note notice noun number nurse nut object occasion
ocean o'clock offense office officer oil onion opinion opponent opportunity
opposite opposition orange order organ organization origin outside owner
oxygen pack package page pain paint painting pair pale pan paper parallel
parent park parliment part participle partner party pass passage passenger
past path patient pattern pause pay payment peace pen pence pencil people
pepper per cent period permission person pet petrol photograph phrase piano
picture piece pig pile pilot pin pink pipe pity place plain plan plane
plant plastic plate play pleasure plural pocket poem poetry point poison
pole police politician politics pool population port position possession
post pot potato pound powder power practice prayer prefer preparation present
president press pressure price priest prince principle print prison prisoner
private prize problem process product production profession profit program
progress promise pronunciation proof property proposal protection protest
public pump pupil purple purpose push quality quantity quarrel puarter
queen question quiet rabbit race radio railyway rain range rank rat rate
raw reach reaction reason record red reduction refusal regard relation
relationship religion remain remark rent repair repeat reply report representative
request respect rest restaurant result return reward rice rich rid ride
right ring rise river road rock roof room root rope rose row rubber ruin
rule ruler run rush safe safty sail sale salt same sand satisfaction say
scale scene school science scientist scissors screen screw sea seach season
seat second secret secretary see seed sentence series servant service set
seven(th) sex shade shadow shake shame shape share sheep sheet shelf shell
shelter shine ship shirt shock shoe shop shore shot shoulder shout show
side sight sign signal silence silk silver sincere sink sister situation
six(th) size skill skin skirt sky sleep slide slope smell smile smoke snake
snow soap society sock soil soldier solid solution son song sore sort soul
sound soup south space speak speech speed spirit split spoil spoon sport
spot spring square stage stair stamp star start state statement station
stay steam steel stem step stick sting stitch stomach stone stop store
storm story stream street strength stretch strike structure struggle student
study style subject substance success sugar suit sum supply support surface
surprise swear swim swing sword sympathy system table tail talk taste tax
taxi tea team tear telephone television temper temperature ten(th) tend
tendency tennis tense tent test theater thief thing third thought thousand(th)
thread threat three throat thumb ticket tie time title tobacco today toe
toilet tomorrow tongue tonight tool tooth top total touch tourist tower
town toy track trade traffic train training trap travel treatment tree
tribe trick trip trouble trousers trust truth try tube tune turn twist
type tyer underwear uniform union unit universe university use valley value
variety vegetable vehicle verb victory view village violence visit voice
vote vowel wages waist wait wake walk wall want war warmth warning wash
waste watch water wave way wealth weapon wear weather wedding week weight
well west wheat wheel while whip whistle white whole width wife will wind
window wine wing winter wire wish woman wood wool word work world worry
wrap wrist year yellow