verbs (3)

Part 8 Taro is going to the post office

The third type of verbs indicates "moving " such as come, go, return, arrive and leave. " k-imasu " is roughly equivalent to " come over ". You can use " k-imasu " only when someone or something is getting near where the speaker is.

Also, you can " ik-imasu ", which is supposed to mean " go " only when someone or something is going away from where the speaker is.

And " e " or " ni " following a place name indicates destination.

Note ; Be careful where the speaker is. Why is " iki-masu " used instead of " ki-masu " at the last example ?

Note; Some say " yuk-imasu " instead of " ik-imasu ".When you pronounce " ik-imasu ", the sound of " i " is very weak, so be careful not to be mistaken for "ki-masu ", in which the "k" sound is usually emphasized..

Look at the conversations below. Do you see the difference between " k-imasu " and " ik-imasu " ?

Note ; " nichiyoo-bi wa ", not " nichiyoobi ni ". The reason for this difference will be discussed later.

Note ; When you ask someone he is heading for, " doko ni / doko e " is used.

Which is correct ? A foreigner staying in Japan is now speaking to a Japanese. A : "去年日本に行きました kyonen nihon ni ik-imashita ” B : "去年日本に来ました kyonen nihon ni k-imashita " →→→→ ( B ) is correct. The reason; "k-imasu" also means moving to the place where the other party is, not where you are.

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Part 9 I go to the post office by bus.

Means of transportation is expressed with " de " following the names of buses and trains.

Note; " aru-ite " is a special form of a verb " aruk-imasu " ( walk ). I'll dicuss it later.

Note;" nani de " is a proper form of making questions when you ask someone by what means of transportation he takes.

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Part 10 When did you come to Japan ?

" itsu " is a question asking about time. There are many ways of asking the day, month and year.

Note; Remember the difference between the present "-masu" and the past "-mashita".

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Part 11 I went to the station to buy a ticket.

If you want to show purpose, you can use " ni ". But this " ni " is not the same as the " ni " expressing time or place. Look at the examples below.

Note; Look at how " ... ni " is made.

example 1 <買います ka-imasu →買い ka-i →買いに ka-i ni >　

example 2 < 食べます tabe-masu →食べ tabe →食べに tabe ni >

example 3 < します shimasu →し shi →しに shini >

Did you get how to make " ni " for the pupose ? You simply take away " masu " from a masu type verb and and add "ni" to it. Don't forget to add " i " if there is one.

Note; As you see in 「駅へ」 or 「デパートへ」, " ...ni (purpose) " usually comes after " ...e (place) ".

Note ; This pattern can be applied to other verbs.

Let's practive using the words below.

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Part 12 What do you say to going to a coffee shop ?

" -masenka " and " -mashoo " are expressions for invitation or proposition.

Note; " -masenka " is originally a question form of negative " -masen ".

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