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共通構造・省略・強調・倒置・同格・挿入
共通構造
A ( B + C ) タイプ |
主語+(動詞+動詞)、動詞+(副詞+副詞)、先行詞+(関係詞節+関係詞節) |
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(B + C) A タイプ |
(動詞+動詞)+目的語、(形容詞+形容詞)+名詞、(助動詞+助動詞)+動詞 |
省略
関係代名詞 |
関係代名詞 |
関係代名詞 |
目的格 |
後ろに挿入のSVを伴う主格 |
there 構文を含む主格 |
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接続詞 that |
名詞 |
原形 |
他動詞のあと |
所有格アポストロフィーSのあと |
不定詞 to のあと |
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主動詞 |
S + be |
否定文 |
being |
SOに挟まれている場合 |
while, though, when などのあと |
notだけ残す |
分詞構文において、後ろに形容詞(句)やed形があるとき |
強調
Vの強調 |
強調構文 |
S + do/does/did + 動詞の原形 |
it is/was +S/O/副詞+ that/which/who +残り |
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名詞の強調 |
修辞疑問 |
th-/所有格+ very +名詞+関係代名詞・前置詞など |
否定疑問・肯定疑問 |
倒置
疑問文タイプ |
副詞句タイプ |
BE + S / Do + S + 原形 |
場所の副詞句+ be + S |
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目的語タイプ |
補語タイプ |
単純倒置 |
O+S+V の語順 |
補語+ be + S |
V + S |
同格
名詞の並列 |
名詞+that 節 |
名詞+ to 不定詞 |
しばしばコンマで挟む |
約40個 |
約50個(形容詞句参照) |
同格 that 節をとる名詞
advantage |
agreement |
anxiety |
argument |
belief |
condition |
利点 |
合意 |
不安 |
議論 |
信念 |
条件 |
******
confidence |
effect |
evidence |
fact |
feeling |
guarantee |
自信 |
影響 |
証拠 |
事実 |
気持ち |
保証 |
********
order |
point |
question |
realization |
result |
sign |
命令・秩序 |
要点 |
疑問 |
認識 |
結果 |
印 |
*******
truth |
way |
impression |
knowledge |
opinion |
guess |
idea |
真実 |
方法 |
印象 |
知識 |
意見 |
推測 |
考え |
挿入
ドリル1(共通構造) (解答)
次の文でカッコでくくった部分を共有する2組の語句を指摘せよ
- Someone { poisoned } the king and then the queen.
- She was an attractive, and at the same time quick witted { lady }.
- He and his brother { ran } for the election.
- They adopted and took good care of, { the child }.
- Please { speak } clearly, but not slowly.
- She can and will do { the job }.
- { Ghosts } can neither be seen nor heard.
- The basket was { full } of apples and also of various kinds of vegetables.
- They are not looking for or into { the problem }.
- I want to sell { the book } which they recommended me to buy, but which
I didn't find so instructive.
ドリル2(省略) (解答)
次の文で省略可能な部分はどれか、カッコで囲みなさい
- I know a painter whom you asked to paint your portrait.
- She had to face the danger that there was when she walked along the street.
- The man who I thought was an able salesman turned out to be a swindler.
- I know that this is the most difficult problem.
- She was so glad that tears ran down her cheek.
- I'll take Mary's umbrella with me. You can take Susan's umbrella.
- You don't have to write to her if you don't want to write to her.
- I wish I had taken his advice. If I had taken his advice, I wouldn't be
in this plight now.
- She was mugged while she was walking along the 52nd street.
- It is protected from touch, but it is not protected from words.
ドリル3(強調) (解答)
次のカッコ内を何らかの方法で強調せよ
- He { took } the wallet; he didn't borrow it from me!
- { Mary } went there to take care of him. Rucy didn't.
- I wanted to know { these secrets }. I already knew those secrets.
- She said she would see him { in the following day }. But she saw him today.
- They met the accident { when they dived in the Palau }. They didn't meet
the accident in Tokyo.
- Did you find it? Yes, that is { the camera } I left in the train.
- { He } should go there. Why should I go there?
- Nobody { knows } it.
- Everybody { knows } it.
ドリル4(倒置) (解答)
次の文を指示に従って書き換えよ
- The cure for cancer will be possible if enough money is supplied.(疑問文に)
- The grand panorama of Hong Kong can be seen from the top of Mt.Victoria.(疑問文に)
- The discovery of America should have been made earlier.(疑問文に)
- Smoking in a small room does much harm to your roommate.(疑問文に)
- They have never seen such a large statue.( Never を文頭に)
- I have lunch only when I feel very hungry.(only を文頭に)
- "I would like to visit the museum." "I would, too."(後半の文を
So を文頭にして)
- She doesn't like to watch TV and doesn't want to go to the movies, either.(後半の文を
Nor を文頭にして)
- I hope the celebration will be a success.( May を文頭にして)
- If I should go with her, I will take her to the acquarium.( if を消去して)
- The valley we stayed for 10 days in spite of the rain was beautiful.( C
を文頭に)
- The old man was in the dark cave of ancient dwellers which was found 10
years ago.(副詞相当部分を文頭に)
- We need that particular piece of information.( O を文頭に)
- Mary said that she couldn't remember where she had put the file.(直接話法で
Mary は文尾に)
ドリル5(同格) (解答)
次の文のうち、ある名詞を形容詞以外で説明している部分をカッコで選び出せ
- George, the king of England, died young.
- The idea occurred to me that I would wait for her at the station.
- We are expecting Betty tonight, one of our friends.
- He lacks an ability to get things done perfectly.
- He left to me the question whether we should fire them or not.
- We students are always looking for some part-time job or other.
- She is studying zoology, that is, a science of animals.
- Can you believe the fact of her marrying a millionaire?
- She gave up her seat to the old man --- a kind act.
ドリル6(挿入) (解答)
次の文の中で挿入及び、追加部分にカッコをせよ
- He has, I believe, two daughters.
- I know a girl who they think is a genius.
- What did he think she had in her pocket?
- We can't, admittedly, afford to pay the money.
- They are, after all, hypocrites.
- She is, frankly speaking, a shy girl.
- The campers, when evening came, made a bonfire.
- The assassination of the president, which was true, was not at first believed
among the nation.
- He failed in the examination and what made matters worse, he had his money
stolen on his way home.
ドリル7(挿入) (解答)
次の文の中で挿入的な句をカッコで他の部分と区分けせよ
- Please look carefully at the insect.
- They often eat meat, but I rarely do so.
- She is always finding fault with me.
- Ignore, for the moment, the question of who is guilty and who is innocent.
- The apples are for the most part rotten.
- The message is only for you.
- They became friends just after they met in Kyoto.
- You should avoid gladly accepting the money.
- The government wants the consumers to solely depend on imported food.
- She has long since been waiting for him.
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